New York City’s unemployment rate, the share of its residents working or looking for work who are looking or on layoff, was 4.8% in September 2026, unchanged from August, the State said in its October statement (the State’s statement). The nation’s was 4.2%.
That gap of six tenths of a point is the city’s narrowest since February 2025, and the city’s usual state is wider: in 87% of the months since January 1976, New York’s rate has been the higher one. So a natural question is whose unemployment makes the difference, which groups and what kind of joblessness.
The monthly survey behind both rates answers it for the latest year. However, the excess is not spread across every length of spell: in its twelve latest monthly files, most of the city’s excess was unemployment lasting six months or more, meaning 27 weeks or longer looking or since a layoff. Those spells were 40% of the city’s unemployed, against 26% nationally, while the combined excess in shorter spells can’t be told from zero. And on the benchmark used here, which gives each kind of worker the nation’s rate, the city’s mix of workers would put its rate about level with the nation’s, so the gap sits within groups.
Above the nation is the city’s usual place, and the gap has just narrowed
The State’s monthly estimates for the city run back to January 1976, modelled from the monthly survey, payroll counts and unemployment claims and revised each spring. Their first year’s average, 1976, is 11.1%, and their monthly peak before the pandemic is 11.6%, in August 1992.
Over those fifty years the city’s rate has typically run 1.3 points above the nation’s.
New York's unemployment rate has run above the nation's in most years since 1976
Computed Survey records combined with published parameters, such as a tax schedule or a budget standard. The tick is the survey margin on the computed quantity; the parameters carry their own uncertainty, and the FAQ gives the range under alternative assumptions.Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, yearly average of the monthly rates, New York City and the United States, 1976 to 2025, and January to September 2026 on its own
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How to read this, and what it cannot show
Seasonally adjusted. The lines are whole years; 2026 so far is the pair of points at the end, since a part year isn’t set beside whole ones, and September is preliminary. The city’s line is the State’s model-based estimate, the nation’s the survey rate. Hover or tap a line for each year’s rate.
The numbers behind this chart
About these numbers. The city's rate is the State Labor Department's model-based estimate (LAUS), revised each spring; the nation's is the BLS survey rate. Each whole year is the average of its seasonally adjusted monthly rates (2025 without October, when the survey was not conducted); January to September 2026 is averaged on its own and drawn apart, since a part year isn't set against whole years. The monthly rates are in data.csv.
| Group | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 (no October) | 2026 (January to September) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York City | 11% | 10% | 9.0% | 8.6% | 8.5% | 8.9% | 9.8% | 9.9% | 9.0% | 8.1% | 7.3% | 5.5% | 5.0% | 6.4% | 6.8% | 8.9% | 11% | 10% | 8.8% | 8.2% | 8.8% | 9.4% | 7.9% | 6.8% | 5.7% | 6.1% | 8.0% | 8.3% | 7.0% | 5.6% | 4.9% | 4.8% | 5.6% | 9.3% | 9.6% | 9.1% | 9.5% | 8.8% | 7.1% | 5.5% | 5.2% | 4.5% | 4.2% | 4.0% | 12% | 10% | 5.6% | 4.9% | 5.0% | 5.2% | – |
| United States | 7.7% | 7.0% | 6.1% | 5.9% | 7.2% | 7.6% | 9.7% | 9.6% | 7.5% | 7.2% | 7.0% | 6.2% | 5.5% | 5.3% | 5.6% | 6.9% | 7.5% | 6.9% | 6.1% | 5.6% | 5.4% | 4.9% | 4.5% | 4.2% | 4.0% | 4.7% | 5.8% | 6.0% | 5.5% | 5.1% | 4.6% | 4.6% | 5.8% | 9.3% | 9.6% | 8.9% | 8.1% | 7.4% | 6.2% | 5.3% | 4.9% | 4.4% | 3.9% | 3.7% | 8.1% | 5.4% | 3.6% | 3.6% | 4.0% | 4.3% | – |
| New York City, January to September 2026 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 5.3% |
| United States, January to September 2026 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4.2% |
The gap has closed for stretches. The city was below the nation in 1987 and 1988, about level from 2008 to 2010, and from 2015 to 2019 it ran only 0.2 to 0.3 points above.
The city’s rate touched its lowest on record, 3.8%, in July 2019.
In May 2020 the city’s rate reached 21.5% against 13.2% nationally, a gap of 8.3 points, the widest month of the fifty years.
It has narrowed since, to 1.0 point in both 2024 and 2025.
This year it narrowed again. The city’s rate peaked at 5.8% in February and was 4.8% by August and September, and the City Comptroller noted that August’s fall came from fewer people looking for work rather than more people working (New York by the Numbers, September).
The State’s net changes for February to September show the same pattern: the labour force is down 65,100 and employment down 18,300.
Unemployment itself is down 46,800. The rate fell alongside a smaller labour force and lower employment, and these net totals can’t say who left the labour force or where they went.
But the city’s unemployed have been looking for longer
The monthly survey records how many weeks each unemployed person has been looking, or has been on layoff. Its city sample is small, so we pool its twelve latest monthly files, September 2025 and November 2025 to September 2026 (there is no October file), without seasonal adjustment.
Pooled that way, it puts the city’s rate at 5.4% and the nation’s at 4.3%; the margins throughout are approximate, clustered on the household only, so they may run narrow.
That gap of 1.1 points is the survey’s direct, unadjusted estimate over the pooled year, not the State’s modelled September figure, and the two aren’t interchangeable.
People who had been looking six months or more were 2.2 in every hundred people working or looking in the city, against 1.1 nationally.
Most of the city's extra unemployment is people out of work for half a year or more
Microdata estimate Tabulated directly from survey microdata, with no model in between: every variable in the chart is observed in the same record, so the relationship shown is measured rather than modelled. It is still an estimate from a sample, not a count of everyone, and the ticks are 90% margins from the survey’s replicate weights.Unemployed people per 100 in the labour force, by how long they have been looking, the twelve latest monthly files (September 2025 to September 2026, no October)
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How to read this, and what it cannot show
From the monthly survey’s own records, pooled, not the State’s modelled series. Each row is a length of spell; the dots are the nation and the city. Hover or tap a dot for its 90% margin.
The numbers behind this chart
About these numbers. The CPS monthly files pooled over twelve months (no October 2025 file), composite weight; the nation includes the city. Margins are clustered on the household and approximate.
| Group | United States | New York City |
|---|---|---|
| Under 5 weeks | 1 ± 0 | 1 ± 0 |
| 5 to 14 weeks | 1 ± 0 | 1 ± 0 |
| 15 to 26 weeks | 1 ± 0 | 1 ± 0 |
| 27 weeks or more | 1 ± 0 | 2 ± 0 |
Spells under fifteen weeks were about as common in the city as in the nation. From fifteen weeks on the city’s estimates are higher, a little at fifteen to twenty-six weeks, where the range barely clears zero, and far more at six months or more, and that is where the gap lives: the long spells make up 1.06 points of it, while everything shorter combined adds 0.08, with no clear excess; the ranges are in the questions.
The earlier pooled window shows the same broad pattern. From June 2024 to May 2025 the gap was 0.8 of a point, and the long spells were about all of it.
A separate breakdown records why people were unemployed. Those who had lost a job or whose temporary job had ended contributed 0.6 of a point to the city’s excess, and people returning to the labour force after time out contributed 0.6 of a point too; people who had quit were less common in the city, and the difference for people seeking a first job could still be chance. These categories don’t say why long spells are more common.
The records test some explanations of the gap, not others
Five possible readings of the gap can be checked against the records, though not all can be resolved.
It’s the city’s mix of workers. Not on this benchmark. New York’s people working or looking are more Hispanic and more Black than the nation’s, both groups with higher unemployment nationally, but they are also more often graduates and more often born abroad. Give every kind of worker, by race and ethnicity, education, age and citizenship together, the nation’s rate, and the city’s mix would put its rate about level with the nation’s, 0.1 of a point below it with a range that includes zero: on that benchmark the gap is within groups, a description, not a test of causes. The benchmark matters, as the questions show: race and ethnicity alone, standardised the same way, would add a little.
It’s immigrants. The records don’t establish that, by citizenship. The gap is clear among the native-born, which here includes people born in Puerto Rico and abroad to citizen parents: 6.0% unemployed in the city against 4.4% nationally, a difference that holds.
Non-citizens in the city were at 5.8% against 4.5%, a difference that could still be chance.
Naturalised citizens were at 4.0% against 3.3%, which could still be chance too. These comparisons sort workers by citizenship; they don’t measure what immigration does to unemployment.
It’s the young. Unresolved in the monthly survey. Workers under twenty-five in the city were at 11.1% against 9.5% nationally, a difference that could still be chance. The census comparison in the next section concerns a different young-adult population and an earlier year.
People have stopped looking. A smaller labour force is observed; exits are not counted. In the State’s monthly estimates, since February the city’s labour force has shrunk by more than its unemployment has, and employment fell too. Those are net changes, not a count of people who stopped searching, and they can’t say whether anyone who left had been looking a long time. In the pooled survey about 62% of the city’s adults were working or looking, about as nationally.
Young graduates are being hit by AI. The cause isn’t testable here, in either year. In the census’s yearly survey, young New York graduates’ unemployment, ages twenty-two to twenty-seven and out of school, rose from 3.5% in 2019 to 5.5% in 2024, a rise that holds. That rise doesn’t identify what drove it, and the monthly survey’s sample of young graduates in the city is too small to place them in 2026.
Within most groups, the city's estimated rate is the higher one
Microdata estimate Tabulated directly from survey microdata, with no model in between: every variable in the chart is observed in the same record, so the relationship shown is measured rather than modelled. It is still an estimate from a sample, not a count of everyone, and the ticks are 90% margins from the survey’s replicate weights.Unemployment rate by group, New York City and the United States, the twelve latest monthly files (September 2025 to September 2026, no October)
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How to read this, and what it cannot show
From the monthly survey’s own records, pooled, not the State’s modelled series. Education is for people 25 and over; groups with few unemployed people in the city’s sample, such as Asian New Yorkers, have wide error ranges. Hover or tap a dot for its 90% margin.
The numbers behind this chart
About these numbers. Education is for people 25 and over. Race groups other than Hispanic are non-Hispanic. Margins are clustered on the household and approximate; groups with few unemployed people in the city sample have wide margins.
| Group | United States | New York City |
|---|---|---|
| Native-born | 4 ± 0 | 6 ± 1 |
| Naturalized citizens | 3 ± 0 | 4 ± 1 |
| Not citizens | 5 ± 0 | 6 ± 2 |
| White | 3 ± 0 | 3 ± 1 |
| Black | 7 ± 0 | 8 ± 2 |
| Hispanic | 5 ± 0 | 8 ± 2 |
| Asian | 4 ± 0 | 4 ± 1 |
| No high-school diploma (25+) | 6 ± 0 | 5 ± 2 |
| High school only (25+) | 4 ± 0 | 7 ± 2 |
| Some college (25+) | 4 ± 0 | 6 ± 2 |
| Bachelor's degree (25+) | 3 ± 0 | 4 ± 1 |
| Graduate degree (25+) | 2 ± 0 | 4 ± 2 |
| 16 to 24 | 10 ± 0 | 11 ± 3 |
| 25 to 34 | 5 ± 0 | 6 ± 2 |
| 35 to 44 | 3 ± 0 | 4 ± 1 |
| 45 to 54 | 3 ± 0 | 5 ± 2 |
| 55 to 64 | 3 ± 0 | 3 ± 1 |
| 65 and over | 3 ± 0 | 5 ± 2 |
Within groups, the city’s point estimates are mostly the higher ones, though many differences are within their margins. Hispanic workers in the city: 7.6%, against 5.0%.
Even people with a graduate degree, among those 25 and over, are out of work more often in the city, 4.1% against 2.4%.
For Black workers the city’s figure is higher too, but the estimated difference can’t be told from chance in this sample; for people with a bachelor’s degree and for people without a high-school diploma, neither comparison establishes a difference between the city and the nation.
In 2024, young New Yorkers out of school without a degree had twice the nation’s unemployment rate
This is a separate comparison, not a profile of the people in the long spells above. The census’s yearly survey has enough young adults to compare the city with the nation, though only to 2024. Here they are twenty-two to twenty-seven, without a bachelor’s degree and out of school, meaning they reported no school attendance in the previous three months, and the rate is measured among those working or looking.
In 2024, 15.5% of them were unemployed in the city, about twice the nation’s 7.8%.
In 2019 the gap was narrower: 11.8% in the city against 7.9%.
In 2024, young New Yorkers without a degree were out of work about twice as often as their peers nationally
Microdata estimate Tabulated directly from survey microdata, with no model in between: every variable in the chart is observed in the same record, so the relationship shown is measured rather than modelled. It is still an estimate from a sample, not a count of everyone, and the ticks are 90% margins from the survey’s replicate weights.Unemployment rate of people aged 22 to 27 who are not in school, by degree, 2019 and 2024
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How to read this, and what it cannot show
From the census’s yearly survey, which runs to 2024. Hover or tap a dot for its 90% margin.
The numbers behind this chart
About these numbers. The ACS one-year national files; the city is taken from the same files. Margins from the replicate weights.
| Group | United States, 2024 | New York City, 2019 | New York City, 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Without a bachelor's degree | 8 ± 0 | 12 ± 2 | 16 ± 2 |
| With a bachelor's degree | 4 ± 0 | 4 ± 1 | 6 ± 1 |
The gap persists when people in all group quarters, such as shelters and dormitories, are left out: the 2024 rate was then 14.7%. Among the native-born it was 18.1%.
Their peers with a bachelor’s degree were much closer to the nation: 5.5% in the city against 4.3%.
The monthly survey is too small to say where young adults out of school without a degree stand this year. At the same ages, in its twelve latest files, it puts them at 8.6% in the city, with a margin of 3.7 points either way, against 7.3% nationally; set beside the census’s 2024 figure that is a different survey and window, not a change.
For broader groups and a different benchmark, the State Comptroller’s April report says young and Black workers, “though improved, continue to face elevated unemployment as they did prior to the pandemic” (the State Comptroller); that passage doesn’t speak to the long spells measured here.
The missing measure is how the long spells end
The duration breakdown counts people still unemployed. It can’t tell spells that will end in work from spells that will end outside the labour force, the question these records leave open.
Following the survey’s respondents into their later interviews could make that distinction, since households stay in the survey for several months; this analysis doesn’t link them, and the transitions alone would not say why the city has its gap.
Three releases are due. On 23 October the Bureau of Labor Statistics is scheduled to update its measure of unemployment lasting fifteen weeks or more for the city and the states, a lower threshold than the six months here, over a window ending in September that the pooled survey already covers. On 19 November the State is due to publish the city’s October rate. The census’s 2025 file, not yet released, will extend the young-adult comparison; it will not explain the long spells.
Questions this raises
What the recent coverage says, checked against these records
- The city’s rate “unchanged from August” (the State’s statement of 15 October: “4.8 percent in September”). Reproduced: the State’s own file gives 4.8% for both months. The same page gives the State’s rate as 4.3%, which is not the city’s.
- The rate “fell to 4.8%, its sixth consecutive monthly decline and well below the 5.7% rate at the beginning of the year” (the Economic Development Corporation’s September snapshot, on August). Holds in the State’s file as refreshed: 5.7% in January, a peak of 5.8% in February, six falls in a row from March to August, then no change in September.
- “All of the improvement came from a dip in the labor force” (the City Comptroller, on August). Its reading of the State’s August figures; the State’s net changes for February to September show the same accounting, the labour force down by more than unemployment while employment fell too. Neither says that nobody found work.
- A “long-term unemployment rate” of 2.3% (the EDC’s snapshot, labelled the second quarter of 2026). The saved extract gives no definition or construction; our measure, people out of work 27 weeks or more per hundred in the labour force over twelve files, is 2.2 for the city. The two are not comparable.
- A labour market “cooling with relatively little churn” (the EDC’s reading). Not tested here: churn is a matter of job changes, flows that these monthly snapshots of who is unemployed don’t follow.
- The State Comptroller’s 2025 rates by group. Its 8.9% for Black New Yorkers, 6.3% for Hispanic New Yorkers and 11.9% for 16-to-24-year-olds come out of the monthly files at 8.8%, 6.4% and 11.8%, consistent within the estimated margins.
How do these numbers compare with the published ones?
The Bureau of Labor Statistics’ figures reproduce exactly. It publishes a measure of long unemployment for the city, people out of work 15 weeks or more as a share of those working or looking: 3.1% from July 2025 to June 2026, against 1.8% for the states as a whole. The same monthly files give exactly those two figures, and the city’s rate over those months, 5.5%, as published. The State Comptroller’s 2025 rates by group, 8.9%, 6.3% and 11.9%, come out within the estimated margins, as the coverage question says.
Why use two sources for the rate?
Because each does one job better. The State’s estimate for the city is modelled from the monthly survey, payroll counts and unemployment claims; it is smoother, runs to 1976 and is the official figure, but it is revised every spring and its latest month is preliminary. The survey’s own records are noisier at the city’s size, so we pool twelve months of them, and they are the only source that says who is unemployed and for how long.
Does the city have fewer people working?
About the same share in this pooled window. In the twelve latest files 58.4% of the city’s adults were employed, against 59.3% nationally, and about 62% were working or looking in both; the EDC’s snapshot puts the city’s participation at 62.1% for August, and the recent decline is a separate matter from this pooled comparison. Duration here is the length of a spell still under way, not a completed one or a chance of finding work.
How sure are these differences?
The survey’s city sample over its twelve latest files is about 8,100 person-months of people working or looking, and 416 unemployed records; because households stay in the survey for several months, those records are fewer distinct people. All ranges here are approximate 90% intervals clustered on the household. The gap with the nation is 1.1 points, with a range of 0.5 to 1.8. Searches of six months or more make up 1.06 points of it, with a range of 0.65 to 1.47, while everything shorter adds 0.08, with a range from −0.42 to 0.58: so most of the gap is in the long searches, and we detect no excess in the shorter ones. The city’s 40% has a margin of about six points. Young graduates’ rise from 2019 to 2024 is 2.0 points, with a range of 0.9 to 3.1, computed from the unrounded estimates. The margins are clustered on the household only, since the public files carry nothing more, so they may be too narrow. The window holds two Septembers and no October, because no file exists for October 2025; on the eleven files of the latest twelve calendar months, October 2025 to September 2026, the gap is 1.1 points and the long searches 1.1 of them. Standardised on race and ethnicity alone, the city’s mix would add about 0.3 of a point to its rate; adding education, age and citizenship brings it to about none.
Under the hood
The rates. The State’s Local Area Unemployment Statistics for the city (the State’s rows for New York City as a whole), seasonally adjusted, January 1976 to September 2026, against the nation’s survey rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics; neither has an October 2025 figure. The series’ landmarks in the story (1976, August 1992, May 2020, July 2019, February and September 2026) are read from that file; the gap’s narrowness is judged against every earlier month of the same series.
The monthly survey. The Current Population Survey’s basic monthly files: the story’s window is the latest twelve, September 2025 and November 2025 to September 2026 (no October 2025 file exists), and the check is June 2024 to May 2025. Adults 16 and over in every state, with the composite weight behind the Bureau’s published rates; the nation includes the city. The unemployed are those on layoff or looking; duration is the weeks the respondent reports having looked, or, for people on layoff, the weeks since the layoff. Households are interviewed in several months, and this analysis does not link a household’s interviews. Every code the analysis reads is checked against the record layouts’ valid entries for 2024, 2025 and 2026, in each variable’s universe, and none of the files holds an invalid one. Margins are linearised and clustered on the household and are approximate; a difference is called one only when its range clears zero, and “could still be chance” means it does not.
Mix and rates. The city’s rate is compared with the rate it would have if each kind of worker, by race and ethnicity, education (for people 25 and over), age and citizenship together, had the nation’s rate. Split one characteristic at a time with averaged weights instead, race and ethnicity alone would seem to explain about half the gap, a different benchmark. Native-born includes people born in Puerto Rico and abroad to US-citizen parents; race groups other than Hispanic are non-Hispanic and of one race; “some college” includes associate degrees. The survey covers the civilian population not in institutions.
Young adults. The census’s national one-year files for 2019 and 2024, ages 22 to 27, no school attendance in the previous three months, working or looking; a degree means a bachelor’s or higher. The monthly survey’s check at the same ages uses its own question, enrolment in high school, college or university in the survey week. The city is taken from the same files; margins from the replicate weights, and the change from 2019 to 2024 treats the two years as independent samples.
The documents. Each sentence the story takes from the State’s statement, its release schedule, the EDC’s snapshot, the City Comptroller’s newsletter and the State Comptroller’s report is looked up in the saved copy when the figures are built, and the figures printed from them (the State’s 4.8 and 4.3, the EDC’s 4.8, 5.7, 62.1 and 2.3) are read from those quotes; the ones that describe the State’s series are set against it, and the Comptrollers’ readings are theirs.
Code and checks. One script, analysis.py (linked below), produces every figure and chart and checks each quoted figure against the saved reports. The dataset cards behind it (bls_labour, cps_basic, acs1_national) list the traps.
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New York City has more payroll jobs than ever, a record 4.9 million in July 2026, and health care is its largest sector.
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Through September 2026, 52% of wage-earning New Yorkers earned under $30 an hour.
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Sources
- New York State Department of Labor — Local Area Unemployment Statistics, seasonally adjusted and not (data.ny.gov) (January 1976 to September 2026; retrieved 18 October 2026; revised each spring) — The city's unemployment rate, labour force, employment and unemployment by month
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics — Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted and not (LNS14000000, LNU04000000), via FRED (January 1948 to September 2026 (no October 2025); retrieved 13 October 2026) — The nation's rate by month
- U.S. Census Bureau and Bureau of Labor Statistics — Current Population Survey, basic monthly public-use files (June 2024 to September 2026 (no October 2025 file); the story's window is September 2025 and November 2025 to September 2026) — Unemployment by duration, reason, race and ethnicity, age, education, citizenship and sex, the city against the nation
- U.S. Census Bureau — American Community Survey one-year public-use microdata, national files (2019 and 2024 one-year files, ages 16 to 29; the 2025 file not in the Bureau's directory or API when checked on 18 October 2026) — Unemployment of 22-to-27-year-olds out of school, with and without a bachelor's degree, the city against the nation
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics — Alternative Measures of Labor Underutilization for States, July 2025 through June 2026 (archived copy) (11-month averages excluding October 2025; last modified 24 July 2026; archived 11 October 2026) — New York City's U-1 (3.1) and U-3 (5.5), and the states' U-1 (1.8), reproduced from the monthly files; the next issue is due 23 October 2026
- New York State Department of Labor — Labor Statistics for the New York City Region (September 2026) (September 2026 estimates, released 15 October 2026; read 18 October 2026) — The State's statement of the city's rate, 4.8 percent in September, unchanged from August, reproduced from its file; the State's own rate, 4.3
- New York State Department of Labor — Labor Data Press Release Schedule (Release dates for the 2026 estimates; read 18 October 2026) — The city's October estimate is due on 19 November 2026
- Office of the New York State Comptroller — New York City's Uneven Recovery: An Update on Labor Force Trends (Published 7 April 2026; 2025 annual averages) — The city's 2025 unemployment rates for Black and Hispanic New Yorkers and for ages 16 to 24, reproduced from the monthly files, and the Comptroller's readings of which groups lag
- New York City Comptroller — New York by the Numbers No. 117, September 2026 (Published 23 September 2026) — August's fall to 4.8% came from a smaller labour force rather than more employment
- New York City Economic Development Corporation — NYC Economic Snapshot, September 2026 (Indicators to August 2026 and 2026 Q2; published September 2026; read 18 October 2026) — The readings checked in the questions: six consecutive monthly declines from 5.7% at the start of the year, participation at 62.1%, a long-term unemployment rate of 2.3% for 2026 Q2
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